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Agentic Systems Engineering

Orchestrate fleets of autonomous agents that ship real work.

Engineer reliable multi-agent systems: tool use, planning, memory, sandboxed code execution, and orchestration patterns that move from a single augmented LLM to a coordinated fleet. You build agents an enterprise can put in production, not demos. Bridges directly to classic Operating Systems, Distributed Systems, and Compilers.

Week by week

Mapped week by week.

Every week unlocks the next. Concepts route you to free, world-class material; projects turn that knowledge into something deployed.

Week 1

The Augmented LLM as a Building Block

An agent is an LLM in a loop with tools, retrieval, and memory. Master the atomic building block before composing it: when a deterministic workflow beats an agent, and the failure modes of handing a model autonomy.

Bridges to Operating Systems — processes, scheduling, and the run loop

Builds on: nothing, start here

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Week 2

Week 3

Model Context Protocol & Stateful Interoperability

Master the Model Context Protocol (MCP) as the universal standard for tool integration. Build stateful JSON-RPC 2.0-based MCP servers using stdio and Streamable HTTP transports, secure them with OAuth 2.1, and design runtime verification safeguards against malicious tool calls.

Bridges to Computer Networks — protocols, client-server architecture, and RPC

Builds on: Tool Use & Function Calling

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Week 4

Planning, Reasoning & Selectable Thinking-Effort Scaling

Understand sequence-level planning, search, and tree-based reasoning in LLMs. Implement multi-effort reasoning routing algorithms to dynamically assign queries to 'High' or 'Max' effort thinking configurations (e.g. GLM-5/GPT-5 tiered lineups) to optimize latency, cost, and task accuracy.

Bridges to Artificial Intelligence — search, planning, and state-space reasoning

Builds on: Tool Use & Function Calling

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Week 5

Agent Memory, Context Engineering & Hierarchical Memory OS

Design multi-tiered persistent memory systems for agents. Implement hierarchical memory layers that range from ephemeral CPU-like context registers to local vector indices (Qdrant, Redis) and dynamically curated LLM wikis, allowing surgical context injection without polluting the context window.

Bridges to Operating Systems — memory hierarchy, paging, and caching

Builds on: Planning, Reasoning & Selectable Thinking-Effort Scaling

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Week 6

Sandboxed Execution, Stateful APIs & Runtime Security

Build secure executing runtimes for autonomous agents. Utilize Google's stateful Interactions API models with background task execution, provision managed Linux sandboxes, and orchestrate OAuth 2.1-compliant secure tool environments to thwart prompt-injection sandbox escapes.

Bridges to Operating Systems — virtualization, namespaces, and process isolation

Builds on: Agent Memory, Context Engineering & Hierarchical Memory OS

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Week 7

Autonomous Multi-Agent Research-and-Ship System

Week 7 milestone

You are handed an enterprise mandate: the research division needs a launched product — a system that takes an open-ended technical question, autonomously researches it across many sources, synthesizes a defensible report, and ships the report as a published artifact, with zero human steps in the middle. Build an orchestrator-worker multi-agent system: a lead agent that decomposes the question and spawns specialized worker agents (search, read, synthesize, fact-check), coordinates their results through shared state, and produces a cited deliverable. This is not a notebook demo. The result must be a directly deployable, hyperscalable product: real public hosting, CI/CD on every commit, observability, security hardening, a polished and accessible web UI a non-technical analyst will happily use, and complete go-to-market material — a landing page, a pitch, and a recorded demo. The architecture must absorb concurrent research runs without falling over, and recover from a failed worker. We are not here to babysit the run; ship it as a real product.

Why it matters: Multi-agent research and synthesis systems are being deployed across consulting, finance, and R&D to compress weeks of analyst work into hours. Shipping a coordinated, fault-tolerant agent fleet makes a builder ready for an Agentic Systems Engineer or Applied AI Engineer role, where the bar is production reliability, not a demo.

The deliverable

A publicly hosted product with its own domain or stable URL, plus a public repo: the orchestrator and worker agents, an MCP-based tool layer, a fast accessible web UI for submitting questions and reading results, CI/CD running lint/tests/build on every commit, persisted and inspectable run traces, a marketing landing page, a 10-slide pitch, a recorded demo video, and a README documenting the coordination design, the failure-recovery and scaling strategy, and three example end-to-end runs with their published reports.

What it ships
  • Submit-a-question interface accepting an open-ended technical or market question with a depth setting (quick scan vs deep dive).
  • A lead orchestrator agent that decomposes the question into a research plan and spawns specialized worker agents.
  • Specialized workers — web search, source reading, synthesis, and an independent fact-checker that verifies every claim.
  • An MCP tool layer exposing search, fetch, and document tools so the same tools are reusable across agents and projects.
  • Live run view: a real-time graph of agent activity, sub-questions in flight, and sources being consumed.
  • Inline-cited report output where every claim links to the exact retrieved passage that supports it.
  • Export to PDF, Markdown, and a shareable public report URL.
  • Persisted, replayable run traces with token spend and latency per agent for cost auditing.
  • Automatic worker-failure detection and re-dispatch so a crashed worker never aborts a run.
  • A workspace history of past research runs with search and one-click re-run.
  • Concurrency controls and per-run budget caps so many users can run research in parallel safely.
Stack you orchestrate
Claude API or open-weight LLMModel Context ProtocolLangGraphNode.js or PythonDockerGoogle Cloud Runa tracing backend (LangSmith or OpenTelemetry)

Market signal, who wants thisAgentic deep-research is one of the hottest 2026 categories: the AI agent market is projected to grow from $7.84B in 2025 to $52.62B by 2030 (41% CAGR), and a16z reports a portfolio pivot from copilots to autonomous systems, with Sierra, Glean, and Decagon as comparables and YC W26 funding multi-agent orchestration startups such as Tensol and Korso. Consulting, finance, and corporate R&D teams are actively buying systems that compress weeks of analyst work into hours; investors fund this because it sells time back to high-cost knowledge workers.

How it is graded
  • The orchestrator decomposes a question and coordinates at least three specialized worker agents through explicit shared state.
  • Tools are exposed through a standard protocol (MCP), not bespoke per-agent glue.
  • The system is deployed to real public hosting with CI/CD on every commit and production observability (logs, traces, metrics).
  • The architecture handles concurrent research runs under load, and a worker failure mid-run still yields a complete, correct deliverable.
  • The web UI is fast, WCAG 2.2 AA accessible, and usable by a non-technical analyst without instruction.
  • Every claim in the output report is traceable to a retrieved source, and run traces are persisted and inspectable.
  • The project ships complete marketing: a landing page, a 10-slide pitch, and a recorded demo, presentable as a real product.
  • The product is publicly reachable and fully reproducible from the repo by a stranger.
Bridges to Distributed Systems — coordination, message passing, and fault tolerance

Week 8

Multi-Agent Orchestration & Adversarial Collaboration

Orchestrate multi-agent systems with modular, reusable markdown-defined skills. Prevent self-refinement blind spots in long-horizon tasks through adversarial collaboration setups (e.g., executor-reviewer loops) to eradicate 'plausible unsupported success' bugs.

Bridges to Distributed Systems — coordination, message passing, and consensus

Builds on: Sandboxed Execution, Stateful APIs & Runtime Security

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Week 9

Software 3.0 Compilation & Self-Evolving Skills

Move beyond manual prompt engineering to compiled, mathematically optimized prompts and markdown skills. Implement automated rollout, reflection, and editing loops (such as SkillOpt) that treat instructions as optimization targets, and leverage DSPy for declarative pipeline compilation.

Bridges to Compilers — program optimization, intermediate representations, and iterative refinement loops

Builds on: Planning, Reasoning & Selectable Thinking-Effort Scaling

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Week 10

Evaluating Agents & Verifiable Software 3.0

Move beyond pure 'vibe coding' to rigorous, verifiable agentic engineering. Design continuous integration pipelines with automated evaluation blockers, sandbox regression test suites, and correctness classifiers for intermediate reasoning steps.

Bridges to Software Engineering — testing, regression suites, and observability

Builds on: Multi-Agent Orchestration & Adversarial Collaboration

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Week 11

Agent Security & Prompt Injection

An autonomous agent with tools is an attack surface. Prompt injection, tool poisoning, the lethal trifecta of private data plus untrusted content plus exfiltration, and least-privilege agent design.

Bridges to Information Security — threat modeling and least privilege

Builds on: Evaluating Agents & Verifiable Software 3.0

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Week 12

Autonomous Software 3.0 Coding Agent with Sandboxed Verification

Week 12 milestone

Build an autonomous coding agent that operates in verifiable domains (e.g., Python/Rust code editing). Implement active test-time scaling (selectable thinking effort), a correctness classifier for intermediate steps, and sandboxed compilation/test loops that serve as the ground-truth reward signal.

The deliverable

A fully functioning coding agent CLI and backend that takes a GitHub issue, spawns a planning tree with selectable thinking effort, executes code in a gVisor/Wasm sandbox, runs a compiler-driven verification loop, and submits a verified PR without human-in-the-loop 'vibe coding'.

What it ships
  • Compiler-directed feedback loops
  • Selectable thinking effort
  • Intermediate reasoning verifier
Stack you orchestrate
PythongVisorWasmDockerModel Context Protocol
How it is graded
  • Agent successfully explores multi-turn code changes and uses compiler feedback to self-correct
  • Execution environment is properly sandboxed via gVisor or WebAssembly with strict resource boundaries
  • Thinking-effort scaling tier is programmatically selectable, balancing token budget against search depth
Bridges to Operating Systems — virtualization, process isolation, and resource management

What's next

Finished here? Keep climbing.

Each track stands alone, so there's no wrong order. If you want a suggestion, this one pairs well next.

  1. AI Infrastructure & Inference Suggested next Serve frontier models fast, cheap, and at scale.

See the full roadmap